In recent years, the incidence of skin cancer worldwide has increased
and the situation now affects millions of people around the world. The
most common cause is prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation in
sunlight. The risk is higher if someone lives or take vacations in areas
of intense sun. The recent decline of the ozone layer is believed to
have played a role in the increased incidence, as the ozone layer acts
as a shield against ultraviolet light. In addition, tanning booths,
which use ultraviolet light can cause this type of cancer. People with
fair skin are especially susceptible because they have low levels of
melanin, the pigment that gives color to skin and helps protect it from
ultraviolet rays.
The four basic types are:
. Melanoma, a pigmented skin tumor that is very serious and can be life threatening.
. Basal cell carcinoma, the most common skin tumor that is locally invasive and destructive (which destroys the tissue in the area), but it usually does not spread or cause death.
. Squamous cell carcinoma, which is three times rarer than basal cell carcinoma, but behaves in a similar manner.
. Bowen's disease, a cousin of squamous cell carcinoma, but more superficial, involving only the outermost layer of skin.
The typical basal cell carcinoma is a round or oval elevation, like pearls hit with a little red because of the fine blood vessels that go red through or within it. Sometimes several small bumps in a circle. They bleed easily and sometimes ulcerate. Squamous cell carcinoma is less defined, has irregular borders, poorly displayed and can be a flaky, crusty lifting red with a rough surface. Bowen disease is usually red or pink plate-like elevation with clear boundaries. Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma tend to occur in sun-exposed sites of the skin.
Causes: The cause of cancer is unknown. It is believed, however, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma are associated with an accumulation of sunlight throughout life. People with light complexion with these tumors more often than people with dark skin. Malignant melanoma is thought to be associated with many severe sunburns during childhood, adolescence or early adulthood. It also occurs more commonly in lightly pigmented people, especially those with blue or green eyes, freckles and skin almost white. A tendency to develop melanoma seems to run in families.
Symptoms:
. The skin lesions with persistent ulceration or bleeding
. Persistent skin lesion that changes size, shape or color (skin changes).
Diagnosis: Biopsy should be done at any suspicious skin lesion. In evaluating pigmented skin lesions, the doctor usually looks good and bad signs. Bad signs include
. Irregular pigmentation or coloration of the lesion
. Jagged edges
. Asymmetry
. Marked elevation of
. Large (larger than a pencil eraser)
Treatment:
Medical treatment required surgical treatment.
Surgical treatment: All the types described above can be treated by excision and removal of the tumor. Surgical removal results in a rate of 90 percent better than the cure for non-pigmented tumors (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and Bowen's disease). Alternative methods to destroy cancer include the use of liquid nitrogen freezing (cryosurgery) or scraping with a curette and burning the tissue with electric cautery (electro desiccation and curettage).
Treatment of melanoma depends on tumor thickness and depth of invasion, when examined under a microscope. When the tumor is thin and superficial consideration of the removal of lymph nodes draining the area of skin and chemotherapy.
Prevention: Prolonged exposure to sunlight increases the risk of this cancer, so limit sun exposure is the best prevention, especially for people with fair skin. Most occur in the head, neck and hands, so clothing (wide-brimmed hats, long sleeves) and use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 provides adequate protection.
Article Source:-http://broni88.over-blog.com/article-skin-cancer-types-causes-symptoms-and-treatment-105724335.html
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The four basic types are:
. Melanoma, a pigmented skin tumor that is very serious and can be life threatening.
. Basal cell carcinoma, the most common skin tumor that is locally invasive and destructive (which destroys the tissue in the area), but it usually does not spread or cause death.
. Squamous cell carcinoma, which is three times rarer than basal cell carcinoma, but behaves in a similar manner.
. Bowen's disease, a cousin of squamous cell carcinoma, but more superficial, involving only the outermost layer of skin.
The typical basal cell carcinoma is a round or oval elevation, like pearls hit with a little red because of the fine blood vessels that go red through or within it. Sometimes several small bumps in a circle. They bleed easily and sometimes ulcerate. Squamous cell carcinoma is less defined, has irregular borders, poorly displayed and can be a flaky, crusty lifting red with a rough surface. Bowen disease is usually red or pink plate-like elevation with clear boundaries. Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma tend to occur in sun-exposed sites of the skin.
Causes: The cause of cancer is unknown. It is believed, however, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma are associated with an accumulation of sunlight throughout life. People with light complexion with these tumors more often than people with dark skin. Malignant melanoma is thought to be associated with many severe sunburns during childhood, adolescence or early adulthood. It also occurs more commonly in lightly pigmented people, especially those with blue or green eyes, freckles and skin almost white. A tendency to develop melanoma seems to run in families.
Symptoms:
. The skin lesions with persistent ulceration or bleeding
. Persistent skin lesion that changes size, shape or color (skin changes).
Diagnosis: Biopsy should be done at any suspicious skin lesion. In evaluating pigmented skin lesions, the doctor usually looks good and bad signs. Bad signs include
. Irregular pigmentation or coloration of the lesion
. Jagged edges
. Asymmetry
. Marked elevation of
. Large (larger than a pencil eraser)
Treatment:
Medical treatment required surgical treatment.
Surgical treatment: All the types described above can be treated by excision and removal of the tumor. Surgical removal results in a rate of 90 percent better than the cure for non-pigmented tumors (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and Bowen's disease). Alternative methods to destroy cancer include the use of liquid nitrogen freezing (cryosurgery) or scraping with a curette and burning the tissue with electric cautery (electro desiccation and curettage).
Treatment of melanoma depends on tumor thickness and depth of invasion, when examined under a microscope. When the tumor is thin and superficial consideration of the removal of lymph nodes draining the area of skin and chemotherapy.
Prevention: Prolonged exposure to sunlight increases the risk of this cancer, so limit sun exposure is the best prevention, especially for people with fair skin. Most occur in the head, neck and hands, so clothing (wide-brimmed hats, long sleeves) and use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 provides adequate protection.
Article Source:-http://broni88.over-blog.com/article-skin-cancer-types-causes-symptoms-and-treatment-105724335.html
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